في هذا الكورس سوف نتعلم كيفية التحدث باللغة الانجليزية عن learning words تعلم المفردات والكلمات, سوف تساعدك هذه المحادثة في الكورس الانجليزية على تعلم المصطلحات التي تستعمل عند التكلم عن learning words تعلم المفردات والكلمات, كما انك سوف تكون فصيحا باللغة الانجليزية أثناء مناقشة موضوع يتعلق ب learning words تعلم المفردات والكلمات . يحتوي هذا الكورس على أشهر كلمات ومفردات اللغة الانجليزية التي تستعمل عند التحدث والتكلم عن learning words تعلم المفردات والكلمات . تعلم الانجليزية بالمجان على الانترنت مع كورس الانجليزية ل learning words تعلم المفردات والكلمات , اهم كورسات الكونفرساسيون بالانجليزية. كورسات المحادثات الصوتية عن learning words تعلم المفردات والكلمات لتعلم التحدث باللغة الانجليزية.حورا الانجليزية, محادثات الانجليزية, استماع للانجليزية, تعلم و تعليم الانجليزية, تحويل الكتابة إلى الصوت والكلام, ألعاب تعلم اللغة الانجليزية, تعلم الانجليزية للأطفال وللكبار وللبنات وللمتقدمين و تعلم قواعد الانجليزية.
Types of vocabulary
Listed in order of most ample to most limited:[2][3]
Reading vocabulary
A literate person's reading vocabulary is all the words he or she can recognize when reading. This is generally the largest type of vocabulary simply because it includes the other three, though in some cases, notably Chinese characters, as in Chinese and Japanese, where the pronunciation is not transparent, some words may be part of the oral vocabulary but not the written. For example, a Chinese speaker may not recognize that 麒麟 (giraffe) is pronounced qi lin, a Japanese speaker may not recognize that 麒麟 (giraffe) is pronounced kirin.
Listening vocabulary
A person's listening vocabulary is all the words he or she can recognize when listening to speech. This vocabulary is aided in size by context and tone of voice.
Speaking vocabulary
A person's speaking vocabulary is all the words he or she can use in speech. Due to the spontaneous nature of the speaking vocabulary, words are often misused. This misuse – though slight and unintentional – may be compensated by facial expressions, tone of voice, or hand gestures.
Focal vocabulary
"Focal vocabulary" is a specialized set of terms and distinctions that is particularly important to a certain group; those with a particular focus of experience or activity. A lexicon, or vocabulary, is a language's dictionary, its set of names for things, events, and ideas. Some linguists believe that lexicon influences people's perception on things, the Sapir–Whorf hypothesis. For example, the Nuer of Sudan have an elaborate vocabulary to describe cattle. The Nuer have dozens of names for cattle because of the cattle's particular histories, economies, and environments. This kind of comparison has elicited some linguistic controversy, as with the number of "Eskimo words for snow". English speakers can also elaborate their snow and cattle vocabularies when the need arises.[4][5]
Vocabulary growth
Main article: Vocabulary development
During his/her infancy, a child builds a vocabulary by instinct, with zero effort. Infants imitate words that they hear and then associate those words with objects and actions. This is the listening vocabulary. The speaking vocabulary follows, as a child's thoughts become more reliant on his/her ability to self-express in a gesture-free and babble-free manner. Once the reading and writing vocabularies are attained – through questions and education – the anomalies and irregularities of language can be discovered.
In first grade, an advantaged student (i.e. a literate student) learns about twice as many words as a disadvantaged student. Generally, this gap does not tighten. This translates into a wide range of vocabulary size by age five or six, at which time an English-speaking child will have learned about 2,500–5,000 words. An average student learns some 3,000 words per year, or approximately eight words per day.[6]
After leaving school, vocabulary growth reaches a plateau. People usually then expand their vocabularies by engaging in activities such as reading, playing word games, and by participating in vocabulary-related programs. Exposure to traditional print media increases people's acceptability of words, while exposure to text messaging contributes to more rigid word acceptability constraints according to the thesis What does txting do 2 language: The influences of exposure to messaging and print media on acceptability constraints (2011)[7] by Joan H. Lee.
The importance of a vocabulary
An extensive vocabulary aids expressions and communication.
Vocabulary size has been directly linked to reading comprehension.[8]
Linguistic vocabulary is synonymous with thinking vocabulary.[8]
A person may be judged by others based on his or her vocabulary.
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